Labor Relations

In this paper, unions and labor relations will be defined and their impact on organizations will be elaborated. Also, the impact of changes in employee relations strategies, policies, and practices on organizational performance will be examined. After this, the question â€Å"Are unions still relevant in the U.S.?† will be answered. Furthermore, the campaign, the election, contract negotiations, grievance handling, arbitrations, labor relations, and strikes will be addressed. Labor unions and labor relations Labor unions, which are the watchdogs and negotiators for the American workforce, are a way of collectively bargaining with employers for fair working conditions and fair wages. The craft unions or skilled laborers and industrial unions or laborers in the same industry, regardless of skill are the two types of labor unions that are organized. In the U.S. Groups of highly-trained carpenters, tailors, printers, and weavers in the colonial age, the seed of modern labor unions were the guilds. Guilds, which are economic and social in nature, are associations of persons who are involved in the same craft or business. The workers who members of guilds are banded together so that the quality standards would be maintained and the employers’ hiring of skilled laborers from home would be ensured. In the mid-19th century, there was an increase in the number of new industrial unions which were created for the assertion of workers’ rights. This change in the personality of the American workforce was due to the invention of the steam engine and other industrial advancements. The Knights of Labor, which inaugurated the Labor Day holiday in 1882, was one of the most important industrial unions. In the 1890s, the American Federation of Labor (AFL) was formed. It is composed of the craft unions which include both skilled and unskilled laborers. The federation was formed because its member craft unions were opposed to the composition of the Knights of Labor’s membership. The United Mine Workers and the Danburry Hatters case in 1902 were ones of the early conflicts and strikes included in this period. In the 1930s, when the Great Depression took place, the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) was formed. Many of the members of CIO were the dissidents of the AFL who favors industrial unionism. Workers in the steel, rubber, auto, maritime, glass, and meat packing industries were some of the major constituents of the CIO. In spite of the conflicts during the 30s and 40s, a powerful body known as the AFL-CIO was formed from the merging of the two national organizations in 1955. The National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) is an independent agency of the U.S. government. It was created under the National Labor Relations Act of 1935 or the Wagner Act and was amended by the acts of 1947 or the Taft-Harley Labor Act and 1949 or the Landrum-Griffin Act. The board affirmed the rights of the labor to organize and bargain collectively through representatives they chose or to refrain from such activities. The board which is composed of five members is assisted by 33 regional directors. The members are appointed by the U.S. President with the approval of the Senate for five-year terms. The proper bargaining units are determined, the elections for union representation are conducted, and the charges of unfair labor practices by employers are investigated by the board. Coercion, interference, or restraint in labor’s self-organizational rights is included in the unfair practices (Villanueva Siasoco). A research study revealed that the collaboration of an organization (such as community organizations) and a labor union is an impetus for change. For example, the labor unions and community organizations in Greater Boston, which have worked together in recent years, have achieved remarkable successes. Some of their victories include the passing of a Boston living wage ordinance, an increase in the minimum wage in Massachusetts, improvement in union contracts and in workplace conditions, an earned income tax credit on state income taxes, $6 million state job training program for 1, 500 workers, and a number of progressive tax policies which includes a new tax on capital gains. These significant achievements in Boston are reverberated throughout the country. This is manifested by the continuous formation of alliances by community organizations with the organized labor. Again, these alliances are formed for the purpose of tackling problems that affect the lives of the low-wage workers. The Service Employees International Union, which is known for its successful Justice for Janitors campaigns, is one of the unions that organize low-wage workers. The Hotel Employees and Restaurant Union is also a low wage-workers union. These unions are included in the most vibrant and fastest growing organizations in the country. The collaboration of labor unions and community organizations is really needed for the achievement of long-term goals of economic and social justice. The need for the collaboration is being intensified by the changes in the national economy over the last few decades. One the changes that forces for a collaboration of labor unions and community organizations is the shifting of the economy from higher-paying manufacturing jobs to lower-paying jobs in the service sector. Similarly, the public policy efforts for the promotion of the welfare of working families in general are being broadened by the labor movement. The national AFL-CIO, under the new leadership since 1995, has devoted increased resources to advocate policies. These policies include the universal health care coverage which is intended to benefit all American who are working (not only those who are members of unions) and the raising of the federal minimum wage. One of the impacts of labor unions in policies is the announcement of support of amnesty for undocumented immigrants by the AFL-CIO in February, 2000. In addition, the AFl-CIO also played a major role in organizing, planning, and supporting the Immigrant Workers Freedom Ride of 2003. This ride is a nationwide effort which aims to raise the visibility of the issues of the immigrant workers (Ranghelli 4). On the other hand, the impact of changes on employees is the decrease in the purchase of labor by employers because of the higher wages won by unions. The success in asserting for higher wages and better working conditions also reduced the number of jobs available (Reynolds). Are unions still relevant in the U.S.? The question â€Å"Are unions still relevant in the U.S.?† does not need anymore time to think about. Unions are absolutely relevant in the U.S. Considering the economic situation today, wherein the trend is to shift from higher-paying jobs to lower-paying jobs, to use more machines than labor force, and to employ contractualization, the exploitation of the labor sector becomes more intense. Thus, unions play a vital role in achieving economic and social justice. Considering the opinions raised by Reynolds, it is very shallow to say that the labor unions are the anticompetitive force in the labor markets. It is very inhumane to think of workers as simply inputs that are needed to be purchased in order for a process such as production or manufacturing to materialize. It is in this thinking where the exploitation of the laborers’ rights arises. Regarding campaigns and elections, union officers are elected based on the standards established by the Labor-Management Reporting and Disclosure Act of 1959 (LMRDA). Officers in the local unions are elected through secret balloting. On the other hand, officers of the national and international unions are elected either by secret balloting of the members or by delegates who are chosen by the secret ballot. The election of the officers of the national and international unions is held at least every five years. For the intermediate bodies, the election of officers is held at least every four years and for the local unions, election of officers is held at least every three years. The funds of a union may be used in conducting an election. Also, it is an option for the employers and unions to use their funds in promoting the candidacy of any candidate (http://www.dol.gov/compliance/topics/unions-elections.htm). Collective bargaining refers to the negotiations between an employer and a group of employees. Negotiations are done so that the conditions of employment would be determined. The result of the procedures of the collective bargaining is called collective agreement. Union or other labor organizations represent the employees in bargaining. Federal and state statutory laws, judicial decisions, and administrative agency regulations govern collective bargaining. Arbitration refers to the method of dispute resolution. This method is used as an alternative to litigation. Arbitration is usually used to resolve disputes between employers and employees during a collective bargaining (http://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/index.php/Collective_bargaining#collective_bargaining_and_labor_arbitration:_an_overview). Usually, strike is the last resort taken by workers in addressing their grievances. Holding mass pickets is the most effective way to involve all strikers. Although strikes may mean decrease in wages or dismissal from work, success in such solidarity actions is effectively achieved through picketing the workplaces of the workers (http://libcom.org/organise/guide-to-taking-strike-action). The aforementioned concepts support the answer that unions are still relevant in the U.S. For example, the funds of unions are very vital during an election because may be used to promote the candidacy of a certain candidate who, when elected, must address the concerns not only of the workers but the families in general. Also, it is very significant in addressing the welfare of the people because what labor unions fight for is not just their interests but the interests of the masses. Again, labor union should not be viewed as a hindrance for the economic development. It is not enough to say that a country is developed based on a high gross national product which is achieved through lower cost of production that includes lower wages for the laborers. Higher gross national product which is achieved through exploitations of workers does not mean economic and social justice. Reference Collective bargaining and labor arbitration: an overview. Retrieved November 18, 2006, from   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/index.php/Collective_bargaining#collective_bargaini  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   ng_and_labor_arbitration:_an_overview John. (November 11, 2006). Guide to taking strike action. Retrieved November 18, 2006,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   from http://libcom.org/organise/guide-to-taking-strike-action National Labor Relations Board. Retrieved November 18, 2006, from   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://www.factmonster.com/ce6/bus/A0834954.html Ranghelli. (March 2005). Joining Forces Community Organizations and Labor Unions Form   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   New Collaborations. Retrieved November 18, 2006, from Unions and Union Members: Union Elections. Retrieved November 18, 2006, from   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://www.dol.gov/compliance/topics/unions-elections.htm Villanueva Siasoco, Ricco. Hard Labor. How unions fought to honor the American worker.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Retrieved November18, 2006, from http://www.factmonster.com/spot/labor1.html       Labor Relations Labor relation entails policies and daily practices that are concerned with the regulation and management of individual and team relationships within the organization. Essentially, employee relations are centered on the ability to resolve and prevent conflicts that involve either an individual or the teams in the organization which directly affect work situations and performance. Efficient communication ensures that information is passed to the employees in order to allow them understand better the company’s goals and objectives. Most employee relations managers uphold the responsibility of handling grievances, individual code of conduct while in the office, evaluation of employee performance and counseling programs. Sound employee relations are based on participation and effective communication for both the management and the employees. There are various management styles that cover the way employee relations must be conducted in order to achieve the best from the employees. (Selid, 1995) Trade unions are organized groups of employees officially recognized by both the government and their employer that have come together to promote their common interests. Trade unions have a responsibility of ensuring get the value of what they work for. They are directed to provide a communication channel between the employer and the employees. In some cases, In the United States, trade unions are registered by the specific State that it operates from and they are ratified by the federal government. The United States have a national advisory board referred to as Employee Relations Advisory Board (ERAB) that is concerned with formulating national policies which must be adhered to by individual Employee Relations Advisory Organization (ERAO) which every institution including airline companies must have. At least one representative of ERAO is elected to sit at the Employee Relations Advisory Board. In an airline setting for example, their union is responsible for providing the company’s management with suggestions on how to solicit and disseminate information on plans and programs that are designed for employees who will enhance efficiency and effectiveness in the workplace. (Employee Relations Advisory Organization, 2004) There are impact of changes in employee relations strategies, policies, and practices on organizational performance. For example if employees within an organization are represented by a trade union fully recognized by the same organization e.g. the airline company and the government, cooperation between the employer that is airline company and its employees will be enhanced the workplace. Good and sound formulated strategies and policies that relates to labor relations in organization particularly the airline companies will lead to attainment of organizations goals and pursuing the company’s mission statement in the direct path. There are various management styles that cover the way employee relations must be conducted in order to achieve the best from the employees. These management styles are intended to teach employees the following; applicable regulations and policies, bargaining agreements, grievance and appeal rights, and discrimination and protection of whistleblowers. The impact of changes in employee relations has broadened its definition from the initial industrial relations to such aspects as employer-employee relations, personal contracts, workplace environmental safety, and socio-emotional factors. In developed countries like in the U.S and mostly in airline industries, there is a growing trend of harmonization in almost all levels of government mainly because of the government commitment to enhance employee relations programs. (Sparrow and Hilltop, 1994) Trade unions plays a very major role in trying to protect the rights of employees who form there membership and research indicates that they still relevant in the U.S. administration because they have the task of ensuring that employees rights regarding to the workplace are protected. However, due to corruption and other malpractices the effectiveness of these trade unions has been compromised over the last few years. Research indicates that the employers in the U.S. for example employers in the airline industry are reported to be harassing there employees in the pretext that they are giving out instructions to be obeyed in order to achieve the stated organizational goals, a development which does not auger well with trade unions in the U.S. (Delaney and Huselid, 1996) In general, these trade unions has the following roles, labor climate assessment, positive employee relation programs, union campaigns and election objectives, unfair labor practices such as poor wages and unfounded dismissals, dealing with workplace harassment, coordinating and implementing cooperate relations programs, and handling complaint/issue resolution processes in the respective organizations among others. The only problem that normally cause misunderstanding between the trade unions and the companies or government is that the trade unions can organize go slows, strikes, destructions etc when round table solutions to issues fails. This is very hard for a company to control but with negotiations, it can reach an agreement. Trade unions officials are responsible to their members and they are usually elected to office mainly through secret ballots. This implies those vying for any seats have to campaign for votes from the union members. Sometimes some officials use unfair campaign strategies that do not foster fairness and equality among the contenders. Also these trade union officials play a significant role in any country’s general election because they can influence their members on what directions to vote e.g. advising the members to vote out the present government because of some dissatisfaction that they have with it. Trade unions plays an important role contract negotiations; almost everything can be bargained these days and therefore with employee relations through trade unions such issues as awarding contracts, compensations, benefits, and work schedules can be sorted out by discussing them until a solution is achieved. The bargaining approach settles conflicts that arise as a result of contract matters. It also outlines the rules with which the basis of handling specific work agreements is sorted out. Normally, if this approach is well utilized, employee relations are greatly improved. Grievance handling in any organization is very crucial to all organizations and at least every company has some way of dealing with their grievances. In fact, it is considered that a few individuals in a company are so arrogant that they are font of harassing their workmates leading to poor productivity. Companies need to develop a grievance handling procedure that will ensure that conflicts are eliminated in the organization. Without proper handling grievances of the employees well trade unions may call for strikes to force the government to implement their desired changes. In the recent past strikes and go-slows have become common methods which employees use them to pass their grievances to their employers. (Brewster, 1995) It is therefore prudent for management of any organization to adopt employee recognition strategies. This is another factor that the employers put into consideration for the organization to improve its employee relations; this is basically a communication instrument, which strengthens and compensates the most significant production that the employees have created for the organization. The recognition structure is always made simple, instant, and effectively supportive to the employees’ relations and the organization at large. (Chevrier, 2003) Reference: Brewster. C (1995): Towards a European Model of Human Resource Management- Journal of International Business. Vol 26 Pp 45-67 Chevrier, S. (2003): Cross-cultural management in multinational project groups Journal of World Business. Vol.38. Pp 77-89 Delaney. J and Huselid. M (1996):- The impact of human resource management practices on perceptions of performance in for-profit and non-profit organizations. Academy of Management Journal. Vol 39. Pp 34-56 Employee Relations Advisory Organization, (2004): Labor Relations Washington D.C, Article 2. Pp 5-29 Murray, A. (1989): Top management group heterogeneity and firm performance. Strategic Management Journal Vol. 10, Special issue. Pp 13-34 Selid, M. (1995):- The impact of human resource management practices on turnover, productivity, and corporate financial performance- Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 38. Pp 54-76 Sparrow, P. and Hilltop, J. (1994): European Human Resource Management in Transition. Prentice Hall, New York. 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Life, Death, and Ap Spanish Essay Samples 2018

Life, Death, and Ap Spanish Essay Samples 2018 Ap Spanish Essay Samples 2018 - Is it a Scam? If you've always experienced difficulties with this kind of assignment or couldn't find relevant data to supply solid arguments, our experts are at your services. Plastic surgery may be great solution because of medical explanations. Moreover, you ought to take advantage of the numerous business study guides offered for your usage. Use the assistance of true academic experts and receive the service you have earned! Top Choices of Ap Spanish Essay Samples 2018 Translating an English essay into Spanish may look like a formidable job. The phrases may be used in the essay, but these phrases should not ever be. It's about to receive a small bit simpler for you because here in the following article, we've listed down useful Spanish essay phrases that you could readily use in your essays. Download Some helpful essay phrases. 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Romanticism in The Fall of the House of Usher by Edgar Allan Poe - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 1 Words: 418 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2019/08/08 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: The Fall of The House of Usher Essay Did you like this example? The Fall of the House of Usher short by Edgar Allan Poe. Gothic literature is the gloomy side of romanticism. Gothic literature also honors emotions, imagination, nature, and supernatural events. Edgar allan poe saw dead as his muse for writhing. He also married his second cousin name virginia. Edgar Allan Poes short story The Fall of the House of Usher is an example of Gothic literature because in incorporates architecture, weather, and foreshadowing. Within the story, the architecture represents an element of Gothic literature,because the house has a zigzag crack in the direction of the small lake near the house. The house also has beautiful Gothic arches. The narrator said Made its way down the wall in a zigzag direction, until it became lost in the sullen waters of the tarn. and I entered the Gothic archway of the hall.pg.751. The zigzag crack and the Gothic archways of the house gives us the perfect Gothic setting. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Romanticism in The Fall of the House of Usher by Edgar Allan Poe" essay for you Create order In the story, the weather represents an element of Gothic literature, because when the narrator enters the house he is fill with an atmosphere of sorrow and gloom. The narrator said I felt that I breathed an atmosphere of sorrow. An air of ster, deep, and irredeemable gloom hung over and prevaded all. pg.751. This atmosphere affected the narrator once he enter. An was also making his friend Roderick more ill. Within the story, foreshadowing represents an element of Gothic literature, because both Roderick and the narrator hear the sounds of madeline trying to out of her coffin. The narrator says Instinctive spirit prompted me -to certain low and indefinite sounds which came through the pauses of the storms.pg.758. Roderick says to the narrator yes, I hear it, and have hearit. Long-long-long-many minutes, many hours, many days, have i heard it.pg.761. This foreshadows that Roderick knew he had bury Madeline alive. It also tells us that madeleine is coming to get her revenge. In conclusion Edgar Allan Poes short story The Fall of the House of Usher contains three of the elements of Gothic literature which are architecture, weather, and foreshadowing. The Gothic architecture gave the house the complete Gothic setting. This story had a gloomy and sorrow atmosphere that tie in with the weather. It also incorporated a noise that foreshadows that she is coming to get her revenge for being bury alive by Roderick. In my opinion this is one of the best short stories that I have ever read because is very thrilling and Gothic.

Research Study on the Occurance of Changes in HL-60 Cells

HL-60 cells are cells that are capable of differentiating into many different types of cells. Cell differentiation is a biological process where a more specialized cell is formed from a less specialized cell type. This differentiation can be induced by using specific chemical agents such as dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) or phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA). Cellular differentiation is important because if we can understand how differentiation can be induced, we can apply those mechanisms to situations where terminal differentiation in cells has occurred. In this experiment, our goal is to view the different changes that will occur in HL-60 cells when we induce this type of differentiation. More specifically, we are focusing on mRNA transcript production in the HL-60 cells that have been treated with DMSO or PMA. We want to focus on this because it will allow us to see changes in gene expression due to signal transduction mechanisms that are induced by the PMA and DMSO in these ce lls after they have been treated with these chemical agents (Cirtain, Middelstadt, Higgins, Polson, 2014). Signal transduction in this experiment happens when PMA binds to a surface receptor and stimulates the upregulation of the secondary messenger in the signal transduction pathway, which leads to the protein product in the cell’s nucleus. This in turn stimulates specific transcription factor binding on the DNA, which results in an increase in transcription of MMP-9 (Cirtain et al, 2014).

Describe The Effects Of The Blitz On Everyday Life Free Essays

In the attempt to describe the effects of the Blitz on everyday life, I will explain what people did before the war began and the actions took to get Britain through the Blitz. Before the Blitz there were many precautions people took incase war was declared on Britain. One of these was gas masks. We will write a custom essay sample on Describe The Effects Of The Blitz On Everyday Life or any similar topic only for you Order Now A gas mask was issued to men, women and children incase gas bombs were dropped. Most homed were equipped with either an Anderson shelter, which was a home built shelter in the garden, or a Morrison shelter, a shelter built underneath the kitchen table. The blackouts began two days before the war began. Under blackout rules, everyone had to cover up their windows at night with black material. This was to make it difficult for German bombers to find their target in the dark. The street lamps were turned off and often people bumped into one another. Traffic accidents were more common because car headlights had to be blacked out, and deaths from drowning increased as people fell off bridges or walked into ponds. The evacuation begun on Friday 1 February, the day German troops invaded Poland. Most children were evacuated in school groups with their teachers. Children and their teachers would meet in the school grounds, where they would get name tags and told to keep their gas masks in the cardboard boxes. Many children were sometimes sent to farms and made to work. Some were sent to big country houses or stately homes. Many of these children had never been out into the country before. Lots of them from the slums were surprised to find themselves staying in houses with inside toilets and carpets. For some children, their parents decided to keep them at home in the city instead of being evacuated. Rationing was introduced due to the shortage of food and the fact that no food could come by ship from over-seas. You were only allowed a certain amount of clothes, food and other household goods. You also still had to pay for them. Ration books were full of coupons which could be cut out and used to buy a fixed amount of rationed foods each week or month. Every time a housewife bought something she had to give a coupon. When she had used up a particular coupon for one week she had to wait until the following week before she could buy any more. Food was very hard to get a hold of, so people were encouraged to grow vegetables in order to feed their family. Cartoon characters called Potato Pete and Dr. Carrot appeared on leaflets, telling people to eat plenty of these foods. The slogan â€Å"Dig for Victory† appeared on posters and banners to encourage people to grow their own food. Meat was hard to get hold of so the government advised people to eat rabbits. In total 1. 4 million homes – one third of London’s housing stock – were damaged or destroyed in the Blitz. Electricity, gas and water supplies were disrupted. The impact on civilian morale in London was severe. Some Londoners later recalled that things were close to breaking point: the daily bombings and sleepless nights took their toll. Looting from bombed shops and empty houses was rife. However, the general mood of perseverance became known as the Blitz Spirit. In all, 18,000 tons of high explosives had been dropped on England during eight months of the Blitz. A total of 18,629 men, 16,201 women, and 5,028 children were killed along with 695 unidentified charred bodies. The role of women during the Blitz was very important for helping on the home front. The Women’s Voluntary Service provided fire fighters with tea and refreshments when the clear-up took place after a bombing raid during the blitz. They also provided tea and refreshment for the people sheltering in the underground. At first, only single women aged 20-30 were called up, but by mid-1943, almost 90 per cent of single women and 80 per cent of married women were working in factories, on the land or in the armed forces. In all 640,000 women were in the armed force, 5,000 serving with guns and providing essential air defence, 80,000 thousand in the Land Army plus many more who flew unarmed aircraft, drove ambulances, worked as nurses and worked behind enemy lines in the European resistance. Overall, there were many different effects of the Blitz on everyday life from the evacuation of children to the rationing of food and other household goods. How to cite Describe The Effects Of The Blitz On Everyday Life, Papers

Management Policy and Organizational Success

Question: Discuss about the Management Policy and Organizational Success. Answer: Introduction A good management policy and organizational success is dependent on the formulation of goals and objectives (Silva, 2015). An organization would not be able to perform on a day to day basis if it doesnt have a strong mission or vision. A mission statement helps the company to formulate the way which should be followed for achieving the organizational success. Two companies are being selected for the purpose of study- Blackmores and Brambles. Blackmores is a reputed natural health organization which is based in Australia (Blackmores.com.au, 2016). The organization, founded by Maurice Blackmore, believes in the principle of naturopath (Blackmores.com.au, 2016). It engages in development of new products as well as the services associated with the management of nutrients, vitamins, herbs and minerals. Brambles Limited is considered as one of the largest supply chain logistics group in Australia (Brambles, 2016). It was founded on the year 1875 and has its presence in 850 countries. The primary products of the company include outsourcing management of pallets, containers and crates. The report would provide a comparison and contrast of the two companies with respect to its mission/vision statement, CSR initiatives, organizational values and the stakeholders involved. The mission statement is being defined for both the companies and their alignment with the S.M.A.R.T principle is underlined. This principle checks whether the goals are specific, measurable, attainable, realistic and time bound. This would determine if the values would contribute to the organizational effectiveness. Mission Statement Blackmores strives to be the pioneers in natural health while Brambles aims to reach the topmost rank in the innovative business solutions of the support services (Blackmores.com.au, 2016). Blackmores aim to undertake a holistic approach in the health and well-being of the patients whereas Brambles strive to outsource their expertise which can add additional value to the customers. Brambles aim to design enhanced shareholder value by the development of efficient human resources of the company (Brambles, 2016). On the other hand, the strategy of Blackmores is little different. It strives to present reliable information to the customers by offering them premium quality products. Values of the organization There are differences between the organizational values of the two companies. Blackmores has incorporated the core values to their organizational culture (Blackmores.com.au, 2016). The values can be defined by the acronym PIRLS. It stands for the values such as Passion for Natural Health, Integrity, Respect, Leadership and Social Responsibility (Blackmores.com.au, 2016). The Passion for Natural Health explores enthusiastic approach of the company in formulating holistic approach to the different health initiatives. The integrity value of the organization implies that the organization is honest, trustworthy and committed to highest level of personal, business and professional behaviors (Blackmores.com.au, 2016). On the other hand, Brambles believes in incorporating integrity along with respect for the related communities. The company engages in the creation of innovative organizational culture. Blackmores treats the employees of the organization in dignified and fair manner (Blackmore s.com.au, 2016). On the other hand, Brambles, displays high level of passion for the purpose of achieving organizational success (Brambles, 2016). The company is committed to the promotion of safety and diversity of the employees. This aspect is similarly observed in Blackmores also, where the organization places high importance to diversity. The leadership value in Blackmores is related with influencing the employees by the wisdom, experience and knowledge of the senior management. On the other hand, Brambles puts high importance on the team spirit of the employees (Brambles, 2016). It also believes in the principle of incorporating innovative culture in the organization. The social responsibility value of Blackmores indicates that the actions of the company put high importance to care, respect and compassion among the employees. It also fosters the environment aspects and the concerns of the broader community. On the other hand, the Brambles puts highest importance to the customer s and believes in optimum customer satisfaction for better business prospects. Alignment of goals to the SMART objectives The SMART principles specify the ideal nature of the goals. The goals should be specific, measurable, attainable, realistic and time-bound (Silva, 2015). The mission statement of the companies do not fully satisfies the SMART principle. They only fulfill the specific, achievable, measurable and realistic aspects of the principle and fail to define the time bound nature of the goals. The mission or the vision statement of the companies do not measure the time bound aspects of the goals. They do not mention about the time lines within which the goals must be fulfilled. The mission statement of Brambles and Blackmores mentions specifically the position that it wants to achieve. One can also measure whether the company is able to reach the topmost position and it is achievable and possible to attain. The values of Brambles satisfy the SMART principles. They mention the specific attributes of the company which are observed in the organization. It is possible to achieve the values and impl ement them in the organization. On the other hand, Blackmores do not fulfill the measurable and time bound aspects of the SMART acronym. This is because of the fact that it is not possible to measure the attributes mentioned in the PIRLS parameter. However, it fulfills the other criteria such as achievable, specific and realistic. The organizational culture is particularly stated and there is high integrity. A high level of team spirit can be observed in the organization. It is possible to attain high levels of customer satisfaction. A realistic approach has been taken to formulate the organizational values and hence it satisfies the SMART principle. Corporate Social Responsibility Blackmores concentrates on designing the product packaging that are creative and also cause minimal environmental damage (Blackmores.com.au, 2016). It concentrates on the recycling of wastes by incorporating appropriate policies in the organization functioning. The business plan of the organization focuses on reducing the plastic wastes generated along with the inbound cardboard (Blackmores.com.au, 2016). The organization has promoted the use of glass in the organization since it has superior content protection and can be recycled easily. The organization is engaged with organizations such as Bilgola Surf Life Saving Club, Cancer Council, WWF, Heart Research Institute and Exodus Foundation (Blackmores.com.au, 2016). On the other hand, Brambles focus on the important aspects of Corporate Social Responsibility such as environmental issues and economic issues (Brambles, 2016). It performs zero harm principle and the company aims to do minimal damage to the environment. This is done by performing careful activities towards the environment and minimizes the activities that have the probability of causing harm to the environment (Brambles, 2016). It efficiently utilizes the resources which can reduce the bad effects towards the environment. For example, the company aims to reduce carbon emissions, reduce global warming and takes actions for improving their physical environment. It also aims for better supply chain collaboration, people inclusion, integrity, people learning and people engagement tasks. The company has incorporated sustainability in the core business functions. Involvement of Stakeholders Blackmores takes active steps in the identification of the stakeholders who would help the company in forming a strong business and deliver an innovative culture (Blackmores.com.au, 2016). The company considers the stakeholders as the most important aspect of promoting innovative business practices. The Governing Board of the company specifies that the needs of the stakeholders should be addressed properly (Blackmores.com.au, 2016). The company believes that the stakeholders should be managed in such a way that the organization derives maximum benefit (Blackmores.com.au, 2016). There should be mutual operation between all the stakeholders of the organization. Brambles, on the other hand, focus on transparent communication with all the stakeholders (Brambles, 2016). The identified stakeholders of the company include the investors, customers, employees, suppliers and external entities. The crucial stakeholders in the external environment include the vendors, government agencies and others (Brambles, 2016). The identification of the stakeholders is important and their viewpoints are important for organizational achievement (Brambles, 2016). The feedbacks and viewpoints of the stakeholders are included in the core business policies of the organization (Brambles, 2016). The stakeholders are an important component in the sustainability report of the company. Conclusion The setting of goals is one of the most important responsibilities of the organization. The goal setting helps the company to have a long term vision as well as short term motivation of the employees. Goals are capable of taking the organizations forward. An effective goal also helps the company to realize its vision and work towards fulfilling it. This paper strives to compare the goal setting activities of two companies in Australia namely Blackmores and Brambles. Brambles aim to be the pioneers in the market and undertake a holistic approach. Blackmores, on the other hand, aims to be the market leader, by infusing an element of creativity in the organizational culture. The goals of the company are being compared with the SMART principles and this report aims to understand the applicability of goal setting in practical organizations. References Blackmores.com.au, 2016.Blackmores vitamins and supplements- Australia's most trusted. [online] Blackmores.com.au. Available at: https://www.blackmores.com.au [Accessed 5 Dec. 2016] Brambles,2016.Brambles. [online] Brambles Corporate Site. Available at: https://www.brambles.com [Accessed 5 Dec. 2016] Silva, L., 2015. Goals? What Are These Goals of Which You Speak?.Women in Higher Education, 24(5), pp.16-16.

Many People Know Tons Of Stuff About Their Distant Relatives, Because

Many people know tons of stuff about their distant relatives, because their family has passed on much information throughout the years. In my life today ethnic heritage does not play all that big of a role. The only thing I really know is that my distant relatives used to live in Ireland. I think the reason I don't know very much is that my family from anywhere other than America is so distant like as in it all happened so many years ago, so all I see my self as today is a pure American. I don't think knowing this type of information is particularly necessary information to know. Some people may think that it is but I for one do not think so. The role of ethnic tradition has not typically played itself well in my life. For some reasons I would, and for some reasons I wouldn't like to know more about my family history. First, I would like to know more, like what kind of traditions my family had and what kinds of food were special to them. I just would like to know the basics of my history nothing too special like what they went through in immigration or anything like that. That kind of stuff gets too complicated sometimes. I dont know, maybe if I found out something that interested me that happened with my family It would spark an interest but until then I am fine with not knowing very much. Maybe one reason my family dosent continue traditions is because we are the ones that primarily start the new traditions. I think it is a good thing to start new traditions because eventually over the years traditions will start to die out in that particular family. So families should try to make their own, and pass thoes new traditions on to their relatives and so on. Everyone knows, even though they might not think of it, that traditions have to start somewhere. You cant just say to your self, "OH, well we just do it because its always been that way." Because the truth is, that it hasn't always been that way. Someone had to start it. Some of my families traditions are going to church on Christmas eve, and going to the Christmas tree farm and spending the day trying to find the most perfect Christmas tree and then cutting it down ourselves. Also, after we are done cutting it down, we have a tailgate party outside at the tree farm and drink hot cider, hot chocolate, and we listen to Polka music. I particularly do not enjoy listening to the Polka music, but everything else about the day is great, and I think it is a wonderful tradition that was begun in my generation. I think the tradition started about 6 years ago when we got an ad in the mail publicizing this tree company. My mom decided it would be a good idea to try something new rather than going and getting a non fresh tree. So we went to the place and ended up having a great time. Six years later and we are still carrying out the tradition. I really think that it is a good tradition that could last a long time. I know that I will take my kids to a fresh tree farm. During this project I learned a couple things about my lineage. One thing I learned is the name of the 1st Binford in America. His name was Anthony Binford he came to America in the 1630's from England. He came over on a boat, and settled in Virginia. Another interesting thing about this is that he was a tobacco farmer and a slave owner on his own plantation. Anthony Binford was the first American Binford and he is the very top of the family tree for all of the Binford's in America today. For my moms side of the family I didn't really learn anything. All I know about her side is the stuff I did a report on when I was in 8th grade, and that itself did not amount to very much. The only thing I learned is that my moms side